概要

プルースト『失われた時を求めて』の特徴については前回の記事を参照してください。

Project Gutenberg で公開されているフランス語原文と英訳を使用します。

原文: Du côté de chez Swann by Marcel Proust
英訳: Swann's Way by Marcel Proust

フランス語の原文を3種類の機械翻訳に掛けて比較します。

※ みらい翻訳は、お試し翻訳ではフランス語から英語への翻訳がサポートされていないため除外しました。

参考訳として前回の記事で各種機械翻訳をつなぎ合わせて修正した翻訳を使用します。

比較

原文	Longtemps, je me suis couché de bonne heure.
英訳	For a long time I used to go to bed early.
DeepL	For a long time, I went to bed early.
Google	For a long time, I went to bed early.
Bing	For a long time, I went to bed early.
参考訳	長い間、私は早く寝ました。

原文	Parfois, à peine ma bougie éteinte, mes yeux se fermaient si vite que je n'avais pas le temps de me dire: «Je m'endors.»
英訳	Sometimes, when I had put out my candle, my eyes would close so quickly that I had not even time to say "I'm going to sleep."
DeepL	Sometimes, as soon as my candle was out, my eyes would close so fast I didn't have time to say, "I'm falling asleep."
Google	Sometimes, as soon as my candle was out, my eyes closed so quickly that I didn't have time to say to myself, "I'm falling asleep."
Bing	Sometimes, as soon as my candle was extinguished, my eyes closed so fast that I didn't have time to say, "I'm falling asleep."
参考訳	時々、ろうそくが消えたとたん、目が早く閉じてしまって、「眠ってしまいます。」と自分に言い聞かせる時間がないことがありました。

原文	Et, une demi-heure après, la pensée qu'il était temps de chercher le sommeil m'éveillait;
英訳	And half an hour later the thought that it was time to go to sleep would awaken me;
DeepL	Half an hour later, the thought that it was time to go to sleep woke me up;
Google	And, half an hour later, the thought that it was time to go to sleep woke me up;
Bing	And, half an hour later, the thought that it was time to seek sleep awakened me;
参考訳	そして30分後、そろそろ寝る時間だと思ったことで目が覚めた。

原文	je voulais poser le volume que je croyais avoir encore dans les mains et souffler ma lumière;
英訳	I would try to put away the book which, I imagined, was still in my hands, and to blow out the light;
DeepL	I wanted to put down the volume that I thought I still had in my hands and blow out my light;
Google	I wanted to put the volume I thought I still had in my hands and blow my light;
Bing	I wanted to lay the volume that I thought I still had in my hands and blow my light;
参考訳	まだ手にしていると思っていた本を置いて、明かりを消したかったのです。

原文	je n'avais pas cessé en dormant de faire des réflexions sur ce que je venais de lire, mais ces réflexions avaient pris un tour un peu particulier;
英訳	I had been thinking all the time, while I was asleep, of what I had just been reading, but my thoughts had run into a channel of their own,
DeepL	I had not stopped thinking in my sleep about what I had just read, but those thoughts had taken a peculiar turn;
Google	I had not stopped while sleeping making reflections on what I had just read, but these reflections had taken a rather particular turn;
Bing	I had not stopped in my sleep to reflect on what I had just read, but these reflections had taken a rather pecant turn;
参考訳	眠っている間、読んだばかりのことを考えるのはやめられなかったが、その考えは奇妙な方向に向かっていた。

原文	il me semblait que j'étais moi-même ce dont parlait l'ouvrage: une église, un quatuor, la rivalité de François Ier et de Charles Quint.
英訳	until I myself seemed actually to have become the subject of my book: a church, a quartet, the rivalry between François I and Charles V.
DeepL	it seemed to me that I myself was what the book was about: a church, a quartet, the rivalry between Francis I and Charles V.
Google	it seemed to me that I was myself what the book was talking about: a church, a quartet, the rivalry between François I and Charles V.
Bing	it seemed to me that I was what the work was about: a church, a quartet, the rivalry of Francis I and Charles V.
参考訳	教会、カルテット、フランシスコ1世とシャルル5世のライバル関係など、私自身がこの本の対象になっているように思えました。

原文	Cette croyance survivait pendant quelques secondes à mon réveil;
英訳	This impression would persist for some moments after I was awake;
DeepL	This belief survived for a few seconds when I awoke;
Google	This belief survived for a few seconds when I woke up;
Bing	This belief survived for a few seconds when I woke up;
参考訳	この信念は私が目覚めたとき数秒間続きました。

原文	elle ne choquait pas ma raison mais pesait comme des écailles sur mes yeux et les empêchait de se rendre compte que le bougeoir n'était plus allumé.
英訳	it did not disturb my mind, but it lay like scales upon my eyes and prevented them from registering the fact that the candle was no longer burning.
DeepL	it did not shock my reason, but it weighed like scales on my eyes and prevented them from realizing that the candlestick was no longer lit.
Google	it did not shock my reason but weighed like scales on my eyes and prevented them from realizing that the candlestick was no longer lit.
Bing	it did not shock my reason but weighed like scales on my eyes and prevented them from realizing that the candlestick was no longer on.
参考訳	それは私の理性に衝撃を与えませんでしたが、私の目がうろこのように重くなり、ろうそくがもう点灯していないことに気付かなかったのです。

原文	Puis elle commençait à me devenir inintelligible, comme après la métempsycose les pensées d'une existence antérieure;
英訳	Then it would begin to seem unintelligible, as the thoughts of a former existence must be to a reincarnate spirit;
DeepL	Then it began to become unintelligible to me, like after the metempsychosis the thoughts of a former existence;
Google	Then it began to become unintelligible to me, as after the metempsychosis the thoughts of a previous existence;
Bing	Then she began to become unintelligible to me, as after the metempsycosis the thoughts of an earlier existence;
参考訳	それから、輪廻転生の後に、前世の存在についての考えが理解できなくなったように、私は理解しにくくなり始めました。

原文	le sujet du livre se détachait de moi, j'étais libre de m'y appliquer ou non;
英訳	the subject of my book would separate itself from me, leaving me free to choose whether I would form part of it or no;
DeepL	the subject of the book was detached from me, I was free to apply myself to it or not;
Google	the subject of the book stood out from me, I was free to apply myself to it or not;
Bing	the subject of the book stood out from me, I was free to apply or not;
参考訳	本の主題は私から切り離され、私はそれに自分自身を適用するかしないかは自由であった。

原文	aussitôt je recouvrais la vue et j'étais bien étonné de trouver autour de moi une obscurité, douce et reposante pour mes yeux, mais peut-être plus encore pour mon esprit, à qui elle apparaissait comme une chose sans cause, incompréhensible, comme une chose vraiment obscure.
英訳	and at the same time my sight would return and I would be astonished to find myself in a state of darkness, pleasant and restful enough for the eyes, and even more, perhaps, for my mind, to which it appeared incomprehensible, without a cause, a matter dark indeed.
DeepL	at once I recovered my sight and I was quite astonished to find around me a darkness, soft and restful for my eyes, but perhaps even more for my spirit, to whom it appeared like a thing without cause, incomprehensible, like a really obscure thing.
Google	immediately I regained my sight and I was very surprised to find around me a darkness, soft and restful for my eyes, but perhaps even more for my mind, to which it appeared as something without cause, incomprehensible, like a really obscure thing.
Bing	immediately I covered the view and was astonished to find around me a darkness, soft and restful for my eyes, but perhaps even more so for my mind, to which it appeared as a thing without cause, incomprehensible, as a truly obscure thing.
参考訳	目が見えるようになるとすぐに、まわりには暗闇が見えて驚きました。目には甘くて安らぎに満ちていましたが、心にはそれ以上のものがありました。原因のない不可解な何か、本当に暗い何かのように見えたのです。

原文	Je me demandais quelle heure il pouvait être;
英訳	I would ask myself what o'clock it could be;
DeepL	I wondered what time it could be;
Google	I was wondering what time it could be;
Bing	I wondered what time it might be;
参考訳	何時になるのだろうかと思った。

原文	j'entendais le sifflement des trains qui, plus ou moins éloigné, comme le chant d'un oiseau dans une forêt, relevant les distances, me décrivait l'étendue de la campagne déserte où le voyageur se hâte vers la station prochaine;
英訳	I could hear the whistling of trains, which, now nearer and now farther off, punctuating the distance like the note of a bird in a forest, shewed me in perspective the deserted countryside through which a traveller would be hurrying towards the nearest station:
DeepL	I heard the whistling of trains which, more or less distant, like the song of a bird in a forest, raising the distances, described to me the extent of the deserted countryside where the traveller hurries towards the next station;
Google	I heard the whistling of the trains which, more or less distant, like the song of a bird in a forest, noting the distances, described to me the extent of the deserted countryside where the traveler hurried towards the next station;
Bing	I could hear the whistling of the trains, which, more or less distant, like the song of a bird in a forest, raising the distances, described to me the extent of the deserted countryside where the traveller hurried to the next station;
参考訳	列車の汽笛の音が聞こえていたが、その汽笛は、多かれ少なかれ、森の中の鳥のさえずりのように、距離を際立たせ、次の駅へと旅人が急ぐような、さびれた田舎の広さを物語っていた。

原文	et le petit chemin qu'il suit va être gravé dans son souvenir par l'excitation qu'il doit à des lieux nouveaux, à des actes inaccoutumés, à la causerie récente et aux adieux sous la lampe étrangère qui le suivent encore dans le silence de la nuit, à la douceur prochaine du retour.
英訳	the path that he followed being fixed for ever in his memory by the general excitement due to being in a strange place, to doing unusual things, to the last words of conversation, to farewells exchanged beneath an unfamiliar lamp which echoed still in his ears amid the silence of the night; and to the delightful prospect of being once again at home.
DeepL	and the little road he follows will be engraved in his memory by the excitement he owes to new places, to unusual acts, to the recent talk and the farewells under the foreign lamp which still follow him in the silence of the night, to the coming sweetness of the return.
Google	and the little path he follows will be engraved in his memory by the excitement he owes to new places, unusual acts, recent chat and farewells under the foreign lamp which still follow him in silence of the night, the next sweetness of the return
Bing	and the little path he follows will be etched in his memory by the excitement he owes to new places, to unusual acts, to the recent talk and to the farewell under the foreign lamp that still follow him in the silence of the night, to the forthcoming sweetness of the return.
参考訳	そして彼がたどった小さな道は、彼の記憶に刻まれるだろう。新しい場所、変わった行為、最近の会話、そして夜の静寂の中で彼の後をついてくる異郷のランプの下での別れ、来るべき帰りの甘美さへの興奮によって。

感想

人の手による翻訳は言葉を補ったり言い換えなどが見られるため、直訳に近い機械翻訳とは傾向が異なります。

機械翻訳は簡単な文ではほぼ一致します。英語への機械翻訳は、日本語への翻訳ほどの大きな差は見られません。

Bing 翻訳はフランス語 elle が指す名詞を適切に解釈できずに she としている個所が見られます。

DeepL	Then it began to become unintelligible to me, like after the metempsychosis the thoughts of a former existence;
Google	Then it began to become unintelligible to me, as after the metempsychosis the thoughts of a previous existence;
Bing	Then she began to become unintelligible to me, as after the metempsycosis the thoughts of an earlier existence;

あまり大きな差がないということから、直訳であればほぼ完成の域に達しているのかもしれません。